What are Essential Oils?

You’ve probably heard of essential oils. Maybe you have even used them. But do you understand what they are and where they come from?

Essential oils capture the natural essence of the plant they are derived from. They are basically concentrated plant extracts. They are called essential oils because of this natural essence, which has also been called the “spirit” of the plant. 

Essential oils are extremely concentrated liquids that contain volatile aroma compounds derived from plants.Volatile means that these oils easily evaporate in air. This is one of the key differences between essential oils and other plant oils. This volatility makes essential oils especially useful in providing scent.

Essential oils are often used in various products for this natural scent, as well as for their potential therapeutic properties. These oils are typically extracted through methods like cold pressing, steam distillation, or solvent extraction.

There are different types of oils that have scent, but not all of these are essential oils. Fragrance oils have scent, but are created in different ways and often protected as trade secrets. This means that manufacturers are not required to tell you what is in that scent.

An essential oil, on the other hand, comes from a plant. But not all plants can produce essential oils in the way you may think. In fruit, for instance, essential oils cannot be extracted from fruits like raspberries or peaches, so scents like these are definitely fragrances. Essential oils can, on the other hand, be extracted from the leaves, flowers and peelings of citrus fruits.

Because of their essence or scent, and also because of their benefits, essential oils are used in a wide variety of applications, including:

• Aromatherapy: Essential oils are often used to promote relaxation, reduce stress, or enhance well-being in general. The inhalation of certain essential oils can have a calming or invigorating effect on the mind and body.
• Perfumes and Fragrances: Essential oils are often used by themselves or are combined with other things to create unique fragrances and perfumes. Even though a fragrance is not an essential oil, it is possible for a fragrance to contain an essential oil, along with other undetermined ingredients. 
• Skincare: Because of the believed benefits of essential oils, using them in skincare is also believed to have benefits. These can be incorporated into lotions, soaps, creams and serums to promote the moisturizing, soothing or rejuvenating of the skin.
• Natural Cleaning Products: Essential oils are a great alternative to toxic cleaners because they can possess antimicrobial properties and other benefits, without the concerns from man-made chemicals. They can be added to homemade cleaners to provide valuable benefits and lovely scents.
• Culinary Purposes: It doesn’t take much, but some essential oils, like grapefruit, lemon, spearmint, and lavender, can be used to add flavor to food and beverages. However it is very important to know which oils can safely be used this way.

It is important to note that essential oils are potent substances and should be used with care. There is often an attitude of things being completely safe because they are natural, but they are most safe when used with wisdom and care. Certain oils may cause allergic reaction or skin irritation in some individuals. It is advisable to consult with a qualified aromatherapist or healthcare professional before using essential oils, especially if you have an underlying health condition or are pregnant or nursing.

By Melanie Skelton, Master Herbalist, Formulator for Auminay Naturals